// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* linux/fs/file_table.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
* Copyright (C) 1997 David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu)
*/
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/cred.h>
#include <linux/eventpoll.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/percpu_counter.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/task_work.h>
#include <linux/ima.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include "internal.h"
/* sysctl tunables... */
struct files_stat_struct files_stat = {
.max_files = NR_FILE
};
/* SLAB cache for file structures */
static struct kmem_cache *filp_cachep __read_mostly;
static struct percpu_counter nr_files __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
static void file_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
{
struct file *f = container_of(head, struct file, f_u.fu_rcuhead);
put_cred(f->f_cred);
kmem_cache_free(filp_cachep, f);
}
static inline void file_free(struct file *f)
{
security_file_free(f);
if (!(f->f_mode & FMODE_NOACCOUNT))
percpu_counter_dec(&nr_files);
call_rcu(&f->f_u.fu_rcuhead, file_free_rcu);
}
/*
* Return the total number of open files in the system
*/
static long get_nr_files(void)
{
return percpu_counter_read_positive(&nr_files);
}
/*
* Return the maximum number of open files in the system
*/
unsigned long get_max_files(void)
{
return files_stat.max_files;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_max_files);
/*
* Handle nr_files sysctl
*/
#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) && defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS)
int proc_nr_files(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
files_stat.nr_files = get_nr_files();
return proc_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
}
#else
int proc_nr_files(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
return -ENOSYS;
}
#endif
static struct file *__alloc_file(int flags, const struct cred *cred)
{
struct file *f;
int error;
f = kmem_cache_zalloc(filp_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
if (unlikely(!f))
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
f->f_cred = get_cred(cred);
error = security_file_alloc(f);
if (unlikely(error)) {
file_free_rcu(&f->f_u.fu_rcuhead);
return ERR_PTR(error);
}
atomic_long_set(&f->f_count, 1);
rwlock_init(&f->f_owner.lock);
spin_lock_init(&f->f_lock);
mutex_init(&f->f_pos_lock);
f->f_flags = flags;
f->f_mode = OPEN_FMODE(flags);
/* f->f_version: 0 */
return f;
}
/* Find an unused file structure and return a pointer to it.
* Returns an error pointer if some error happend e.g. we over file
* structures limit, run out of memory or operation is not permitted.
*
* Be very careful using this. You are responsible for
* getting write access to any mount that you might assign
* to this filp, if it is opened for write. If this is not
* done, you will imbalance int the mount's writer count
* and a warning at __fput() time.
*/
struct file *alloc_empty_file(int flags, const struct cred *cred)
{
static long old_max;
struct file *f;
/*
* Privileged users can go above max_files
*/
if (get_nr_files() >= files_stat.max_files && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
/*
* percpu_counters are inaccurate. Do an expensive check before
* we go and fail.
*/
if (percpu_counter_sum_positive(&nr_files) >= files_stat.max_files)
goto over;
}
f = __alloc_file(flags, cred);
if (!IS_ERR(f))
percpu_counter_inc(&nr_files);
return f;
over:
/* Ran out of filps - report that */
if (get_nr_files() > old_max) {
pr_info("VFS: file-max limit %lu reached\n", get_max_files());
old_max = get_nr_files();
}
return ERR_PTR(-ENFILE);
}
/*
* Variant of alloc_empty_file() that doesn't check and modify nr_files.
*
* Should not be used unless there's a very good reason to do so.
*/
struct file *alloc_empty_file_noaccount(int flags, const struct cred *cred)
{
struct file *f = __alloc_file(flags, cred);
if (!IS_ERR(f))
f->f_mode |= FMODE_NOACCOUNT;
return f;
}
/**
* alloc_file - allocate and initialize a 'struct file'
*
* @path: the (dentry, vfsmount) pair for the new file
* @flags: O_... flags with which the new file will be opened
* @fop: the 'struct file_operations' for the new file
*/
static struct file *alloc_file(const struct path *path, int flags,
const struct file_operations *fop)
{
struct file *file;
file = alloc_empty_file(flags, current_cred());
if (IS_ERR(file))
return file;
file->f_path = *path;
file->f_inode = path->dentry->d_inode;
file->f_mapping = path->dentry->d_inode->i_mapping;
file->f_wb_err = filemap_sample_wb_err(file->f_mapping);
file->f_sb_err = file_sample_sb_err(file);
if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) &&
likely(fop->read || fop->read_iter))
file->f_mode |= FMODE_CAN_READ;
if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) &&
likely(fop->write || fop->write_iter))
file->f_mode |= FMODE_CAN_WRITE;
file->f_mode |= FMODE_OPENED;
file->f_op = fop;
if ((file->f_mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE)) == FMODE_READ)
i_readcount_inc(path->dentry->d_inode);
return file;
}
struct file *alloc_file_pseudo(struct inode *inode, struct vfsmount *mnt,
const char *name, int flags,
const struct file_operations *fops)
{
static const struct dentry_operations anon_ops = {
.d_dname = simple_dname
};
struct qstr this = QSTR_INIT(name, strlen(name));
struct path path;
struct file *file;
path.dentry = d_alloc_pseudo(mnt->mnt_sb, &this);
if (!path.dentry)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
if (!mnt->mnt_sb->s_d_op)
d_set_d_op(path.dentry, &anon_ops);
path.mnt = mntget(mnt);
d_instantiate(path.dentry, inode);
file = alloc_file(&path, flags, fops);
if (IS_ERR(file)) {
ihold(inode);
path_put(&path);
}
return file;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_file_pseudo);
struct file *alloc_file_clone(struct file *base, int flags,
const struct file_operations *fops)
{
struct file *f = alloc_file(&base->f_path, flags, fops);
if (!IS_ERR(f)) {
path_get(&f->f_path);
f->f_mapping = base->f_mapping;
}
return f;
}
/* the real guts of fput() - releasing the last reference to file
*/
static void __fput(struct file *file)
{
struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
struct vfsmount *mnt = file->f_path.mnt;
struct inode *inode = file->f_inode;
fmode_t mode = file->f_mode;
if (unlikely(!(file->f_mode & FMODE_OPENED)))
goto out;
might_sleep();
fsnotify_close(file);
/*
* The function eventpoll_release() should be the first called
* in the file cleanup chain.
*/
eventpoll_release(file);
locks_remove_file(file);
ima_file_free(file);
if (unlikely(file->f_flags & FASYNC)) {
if (file->f_op->fasync)
file->f_op->fasync(-1, file, 0);
}
if (file->f_op->release)
file->f_op->release(inode, file);
if (unlikely(S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev != NULL &&
!(mode & FMODE_PATH))) {
cdev_put(inode->i_cdev);
}
fops_put(file->f_op);
put_pid(file->f_owner.pid);
if ((mode & (FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE)) == FMODE_READ)
i_readcount_dec(inode);
if (mode & FMODE_WRITER) {
put_write_access(inode);
__mnt_drop_write(mnt);
}
dput(dentry);
if (unlikely(mode & FMODE_NEED_UNMOUNT))
dissolve_on_fput(mnt);
mntput(mnt);
out:
file_free(file);
}
static LLIST_HEAD(delayed_fput_list);
static void delayed_fput(struct work_struct *unused)
{
struct llist_node *node = llist_del_all(&delayed_fput_list);
struct file *f, *t;
llist_for_each_entry_safe(f, t, node, f_u.fu_llist)
__fput(f);
}
static void ____fput(struct callback_head *work)
{
__fput(container_of(work, struct file, f_u.fu_rcuhead));
}
/*
* If kernel thread really needs to have the final fput() it has done
* to complete, call this. The only user right now is the boot - we
* *do* need to make sure our writes to binaries on initramfs has
* not left us with opened struct file waiting for __fput() - execve()
* won't work without that. Please, don't add more callers without
* very good reasons; in particular, never call that with locks
* held and never call that from a thread that might need to do
* some work on any kind of umount.
*/
void flush_delayed_fput(void)
{
delayed_fput(NULL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(flush_delayed_fput);
static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(delayed_fput_work, delayed_fput);
void fput_many(struct file *file, unsigned int refs)
{
if (atomic_long_sub_and_test(refs, &file->f_count)) {
struct task_struct *task = current;
if (likely(!in_interrupt() && !(task->flags & PF_KTHREAD))) {
init_task_work(&file->f_u.fu_rcuhead, ____fput);
if (!task_work_add(task, &file->f_u.fu_rcuhead, TWA_RESUME))
return;
/*
* After this task has run exit_task_work(),
* task_work_add() will fail. Fall through to delayed
* fput to avoid leaking *file.
*/
}
if (llist_add(&file->f_u.fu_llist, &delayed_fput_list))
schedule_delayed_work(&delayed_fput_work, 1);
}
}
void fput(struct file *file)
{
fput_many(file, 1);
}
/*
* synchronous analog of fput(); for kernel threads that might be needed
* in some umount() (and thus can't use flush_delayed_fput() without
* risking deadlocks), need to wait for completion of __fput() and know
* for this specific struct file it won't involve anything that would
* need them. Use only if you really need it - at the very least,
* don't blindly convert fput() by kernel thread to that.
*/
void __fput_sync(struct file *file)
{
if (atomic_long_dec_and_test(&file->f_count)) {
struct task_struct *task = current;
BUG_ON(!(task->flags & PF_KTHREAD));
__fput(file);
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(fput);
void __init files_init(void)
{
filp_cachep = kmem_cache_create("filp", sizeof(struct file), 0,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_ACCOUNT, NULL);
percpu_counter_init(&nr_files, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
}
/*
* One file with associated inode and dcache is very roughly 1K. Per default
* do not use more than 10% of our memory for files.
*/
void __init files_maxfiles_init(void)
{
unsigned long n;
unsigned long nr_pages = totalram_pages();
unsigned long memreserve = (nr_pages - nr_free_pages()) * 3/2;
memreserve = min(memreserve, nr_pages - 1);
n = ((nr_pages - memreserve) * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024)) / 10;
files_stat.max_files = max_t(unsigned long, n, NR_FILE);
}